![]() ![]() You can read on the physical properties of metals here.ġ. For instance, graphite is soft while diamond is very tough (hard). The above forms of carbon have got different physical properties or characteristics. Please read an introduction to organic chemistry (carbon and it's compound) here They can also combine in more than one ratio to form two or more compounds.Īllotropy is phenomenon whereby atoms of the same element exist in different forms but in the same physical state.įor instance, carbon in its solid state can exist in four different forms. Atoms of the same element share similar physical and chemical properties.Please read on sugars and carbohydrates here. Starch is another organic compound that contains many repeating units of simple sugars and with a chemical formula of (C 6H 10O 5) n, where "n" is a large whole number. For instance, glucose molecule has a chemical formula of C 12H 22O 11. With regards to complex organic compounds or molecules, the statement becomes false because they don’t combine in simple whole numbers rather, they do so in complex numbers. This statement is true for simple inorganic chemical reaction. Atoms of different elements can combine with each other in simple whole number ratios to form compounds.You can read on the periodic table of elements here. With regards to ordinary chemical reaction, this statement remains valid.Īfter the discovery of radioactivity, the various radioactive elements have shown that atoms can be created (through a process called nuclear fusion) and destroyed (through a process called nuclear fission).Įxample of radioactive elements are Thorium-232 and Uranium-238 Atoms are indestructible and can neither be created nor destroyed.24 11Na and 24 12Mg are isobars: These are different elements (sodium and magnesium) with the same mass number. ![]() Both elements will have the same weight under a specific gravitational force. 14 7N and 14 6C are isobars: These are different elements (nitrogen and carbon) with the same mass number.Isobar is a phenomenon whereby atoms have different atomic numbers but the same mass number. You can read on molecular mass and relative molecular mass here.Īlso, the discoveries of isobars have shown that the atoms of different elements are not completely different. 1 1H and 2 1H and 3 1H - Hydrogen-1, Hydrogen-2 (Deuterium) and Hydrogen-3 (Tritium) are isotopes of Hydrogen with masses of 1, 2 and 3 respectively.35 17Cl and 37 17Cl - Isotopes of Chlorine with mass numbers 35 and 37 respectively.Some elements exhibiting isotopy include: The mass spectrometry experiment conducted on (isotopic) atoms had given a confirmation to the existence of isotopes. You can read on worked examples of molar mass here.īased on the above explanations, isotopes have the same number of protons (atomic number) but different number of neutrons. The mass number of an atom is defined as the sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of the atom. The difference in the mass (mass number) of isotopes is a result of the varying number of neutrons in the nucleus of their atoms. As a result, the same element can have a different mass and density. Isotopy is a phenomenon whereby atoms of the same element have the same atomic number but different mass number. The discovery of isotopes has shown that not all atoms of the same elements are similar in every aspect. Atoms of the same element are identical to each other in every aspect because they have the same shape and mass, while atoms of different elements are different in all respect.Please read on elements and characteristics of elements here. Quarks: A quark is a fast moving energy and is comprised of both the protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom. Neutrons: These particles have no charge (neutral) and are found in the nucleus of an atom.Įlectrons: They are negatively charged particles that revolve round the shell of atoms. Protons: They are positively charged particles in the nucleus of an atom. ![]()
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